@article {868,
	title = {Characterization, seasonal occurrence, and diel fluctuation of poly(hydroxyalkanoate) in photosynthetic microbial mats.},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {66},
	year = {2000},
	month = {2000 Oct},
	pages = {4279-91},
	abstract = {In situ poly(hydroxyalkanoate) (PHA) levels and repeating-unit compositions were examined in stratified photosynthetic microbial mats from Great Sippewissett Salt Marsh, Mass., and Ebro Delta, Spain. Unlike what has been observed in pure cultures of phototrophic bacteria, the prevalence of hydroxyvalerate (HV) repeating units relative to hydroxybutyrate (HB) repeating units was striking. In the cyanobacteria-dominated green material of Sippewissett mats, the mole percent ratio of repeating units was generally 1HB:1HV. In the purple sulfur bacteria-dominated pink material the relationship was typically 1HB:2HV. In Sippewissett mats, PHA contributed about 0.5 to 1\% of the organic carbon in the green layer and up to 6\% in the pink layer. In Ebro Delta mats, PHA of approximately 1HB:2HV-repeating-unit distribution contributed about 2\% of the organic carbon of the composite photosynthetic layers (the green and pink layers were not separated). Great Sippewissett Salt Marsh mats were utilized for more extensive investigation of seasonal, diel, and exogenous carbon effects. When the total PHA content was normalized to organic carbon, there was little seasonal variation in PHA levels. However, routine daily variation was evident at all sites and seasons. In every case, PHA levels increased during the night and decreased during the day. This phenomenon was conspicuous in the pink layer, where PHA levels doubled overnight. The daytime declines could be inhibited by artificial shading. Addition of exogenous acetate, lactate, and propionate induced two- to fivefold increases in the total PHA levels when applied in the daylight but had no effect when applied at night. The distinct diel pattern of in situ PHA accumulation at night appears to be related, in some phototrophs, to routine dark energy metabolism and is not influenced by the availability of organic nutrients.},
	keywords = {Alkanes, Biofilms, Hydroxybutyrates, Massachusetts, Photosynthesis, Seasons, Spain, Valerates, Water, Water Microbiology},
	issn = {0099-2240},
	author = {Rothermich, M M and Guerrero, R and Lenz, R W and Goodwin, S}
}
@article {612,
	title = {Hexadecane decay by methanogenesis.},
	journal = {Nature},
	volume = {404},
	year = {2000},
	month = {2000 Apr 13},
	pages = {722-3},
	keywords = {Alkanes, Anaerobiosis, Bacteria, Biodegradation, Environmental, Geologic Sediments, Methane, Petroleum},
	issn = {0028-0836},
	doi = {10.1038/35008145},
	author = {Anderson, R T and Lovley, D R}
}
@article {628,
	title = {Anaerobic degradation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes in petroleum-contaminated marine harbor sediments.},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {63},
	year = {1997},
	month = {1997 Sep},
	pages = {3589-93},
	abstract = {Although polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) have usually been found to persist under strict anaerobic conditions, in a previous study an unusual site was found in San Diego Bay in which two PAHs, naphthalene and phenanthrene, were oxidized to carbon dioxide under sulfate-reducing conditions. Further investigations with these sediments revealed that methylnaphthalene, fluorene, and fluoranthene were also anaerobically oxidized to carbon dioxide in these sediments, while pyrene and benzo[a]pyrene were not. Studies with naphthalene indicated that PAH oxidation was sulfate dependent. Incubating the sediments with additional naphthalene for 1 month resulted in a significant increase in the oxidation of [14C]naphthalene. In sediments from a less heavily contaminated site in San diego Bay where PAHs were not readily degraded, naphthalene degradation could be stimulated through inoculation with active PAH-degrading sediments from the most heavily contaminated site. Sediments from the less heavily contaminated site that had been adapted for rapid anaerobic degradation of high concentrations of benzene did not oxidize naphthalene, suggesting that the benzene- and naphthalene-degrading populations were different. When fuels containing complex mixtures of alkanes were added to sediments from the two sites, there was significant degradation in the alkanes. [14C]hexadecane was also anaerobically oxidized to 14CO2 in these sediments. Molybdate, a specific inhibitor of sulfate reduction, inhibited hexadecane oxidation. These results demonstrate that a wide variety of hydrocarbon contaminants can be degraded under sulfate-reducing conditions in hydrocarbon-contaminated sediments, and they suggest that it may be possible to use sulfate reduction rather than aerobic respiration as a treatment strategy for hydrocarbon-contaminated dredged sediments.},
	keywords = {Alkanes, Anaerobiosis, Biodegradation, Environmental, California, Naphthalenes, Oxidation-Reduction, Petroleum, Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic, Sulfates, Water Microbiology, Water Pollutants, Chemical},
	issn = {0099-2240},
	author = {Coates, J D and Woodward, J and Allen, J and Philp, P and Lovley, D R}
}
