@article {520,
	title = {Microbial fuel cells: novel microbial physiologies and engineering approaches.},
	journal = {Curr Opin Biotechnol},
	volume = {17},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006 Jun},
	pages = {327-32},
	abstract = {The possibility of generating electricity with microbial fuel cells has been recognized for some time, but practical applications have been slow to develop. The recent development of a microbial fuel cell that can harvest electricity from the organic matter stored in marine sediments has demonstrated the feasibility of producing useful amounts of electricity in remote environments. Further study of these systems has led to the discovery of microorganisms that conserve energy to support their growth by completely oxidizing organic compounds to carbon dioxide with direct electron transfer to electrodes. This suggests that self-sustaining microbial fuel cells that can effectively convert a diverse range of waste organic matter or renewable biomass to electricity are feasible. Significant progress has recently been made to increase the power output of systems designed to convert organic wastes to electricity, but substantial additional optimization will be required for large-scale electricity production.},
	keywords = {Bacterial Physiological Phenomena, Bioelectric Energy Sources, Biomass, Biosensing Techniques, Genetic Engineering},
	issn = {0958-1669},
	doi = {10.1016/j.copbio.2006.04.006},
	author = {Lovley, Derek R}
}
@article {596,
	title = {Microbial detoxification of metals and radionuclides.},
	journal = {Curr Opin Biotechnol},
	volume = {12},
	year = {2001},
	month = {2001 Jun},
	pages = {248-53},
	abstract = {Microorganisms have important roles in the biogeochemical cycling of toxic metals and radionuclides. Recent advances have been made in understanding metal-microbe interactions and new applications of these processes to the detoxification of metal and radionuclide contamination have been developed.},
	keywords = {Bacteria, Biodegradation, Environmental, Biotechnology, Environmental Pollution, Genetic Engineering, Geologic Sediments, Metals, Heavy, Radioisotopes},
	issn = {0958-1669},
	author = {Lloyd, J R and Lovley, D R}
}
@article {755,
	title = {Expression and transfer of engineered catabolic pathways harbored by Pseudomonas spp. introduced into activated sludge microcosms.},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {58},
	year = {1992},
	month = {1992 Oct},
	pages = {3380-6},
	abstract = {Two genetically engineered microorganisms (GEMs), Pseudomonas sp. strain B13 FR1(pFRC20P) (FR120) and Pseudomonas putida KT2440(pWWO-EB62) (EB62), were introduced into activated sludge microcosms that had the level of aeration, nutrient makeup, and microbial community structure of activated sludge reactors. FR120 contains an experimentally assembled ortho cleavage route for simultaneous degradation of 3-chlorobenzoate (3CB) and 4-methyl benzoate (4MB); EB62 contains a derivative TOL plasmid-encoded degradative pathway for toluene experimentally evolved so that it additionally processes 4-ethyl benzoate (4EB). Experiments assessed survival of the GEMs, their ability to degrade target substrates, and lateral transfer of plasmid-encoded recombinant DNA. GEMs added at initial densities of 10(6) to 10(7) bacteria per ml of activated sludge declined to stable population densities of 10(4) to 10(5) bacteria per ml. FR120 degraded combinations of 3CB and 4MB (1 mM each) following 3 days of adaptation in the microcosms. Indigenous microorganisms required an 8-day adaptation period before degradation of 4MB was observed; 3CB was degraded only after the concentration of 4MB was much reduced. The indigenous microbial community was killed when both compounds were present at concentrations of 4.0 mM. However, in parallel microcosms containing FR120, the microbial community maintained a normal density of viable cells. Indigenous microbes readily degraded 4EB (2 mM), and EB62 did not significantly increase the observed rate of degradation. In filter matings, transfer of pFRC20P, which specifies mobilization but not transfer functions, from FR120 to P. putida UWC1 was not detectable (< 10(-7) transconjugants per donor cell).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)},
	keywords = {Benzoates, Biodegradation, Environmental, Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial, Genetic Engineering, Industrial Waste, Pseudomonas, Transfection, Waste Disposal, Fluid},
	issn = {0099-2240},
	author = {N{\"u}sslein, K and Maris, D and Timmis, K and Dwyer, D F}
}
