@article {710,
	title = {Extracellular simian virus 40 transmits a signal that promotes virus enclosure within caveolae.},
	journal = {Exp Cell Res},
	volume = {246},
	year = {1999},
	month = {1999 Jan 10},
	pages = {83-90},
	abstract = {It was reported earlier that entry of simian virus 40 (SV40) into cells is promoted by a signal transmitted by the virus from the cell surface and that SV40 enters cells through caveolae. It is shown here that bound SV40 begins to partition into a caveolae-enriched Triton X-100-insoluble membrane fraction at 30 min postadsorption. Maximal levels of SV40 were seen in that fraction at 1 h. The sterol-binding agent nystatin, which selectively disrupts the cholesterol-enriched caveolae-containing membrane microdomain, selectively blocked the SV40-induced signal. This implies that the SV40 signal is transmitted from that membrane microdomain. The tyrosine kinase inhibitor genistein, which was earlier shown to block the SV40-induced signal and infectious entry, did not block the partitioning of SV40 into the detergent-insoluble membrane fraction. This shows that the signal is not required for the translocation of SV40 to the detergent-insoluble membrane and is consistent with the finding that the signal is likely transmitted from that membrane microdomain. However, electron microscopy of the Triton X-100-insoluble membrane fraction showed that genistein caused SV40 particles to accumulate at the annuli or mouths of the caveolae. In contrast, most SV40 particles were found enclosed within caveolae in parallel samples from untreated control cells. Together, these results imply that SV40 initially binds to flat detergent-soluble membrane. The virus then translocates to a caveolae-containing detergent-insoluble membrane microdomain. From the flat portion of that membrane microdomain the virus induces a signal which promotes its entry into caveolae.},
	keywords = {Animals, Blotting, Northern, Blotting, Western, Caveolin 1, Caveolins, Cell Line, Cell Membrane, Cercopithecus aethiops, Cholesterol, Endocytosis, Genes, myc, Genistein, Kidney, Membrane Proteins, Microscopy, Electron, Nystatin, Octoxynol, Signal Transduction, Simian virus 40, Solubility},
	issn = {0014-4827},
	doi = {10.1006/excr.1998.4301},
	author = {Chen, Y and Norkin, L C}
}
@article {707,
	title = {Extracellular simian virus 40 induces an ERK/MAP kinase-independent signalling pathway that activates primary response genes and promotes virus entry.},
	journal = {J Gen Virol},
	volume = {77 ( Pt 9)},
	year = {1996},
	month = {1996 Sep},
	pages = {2173-82},
	abstract = {Simian virus 40 (SV40) binding to growth-arrested cells activated an intracellular signalling pathway that induced the up-regulation of the primary response genes c-myc, c-jun and c-sis within 30 min and of JE within 90 min. The up-regulation of the primary response genes occurred in the presence of cycloheximide and when UV-inactivated SV40 was adsorbed to cells. SV40 binding did not activate Raf or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAP/ERK1), or mobilize intracellular Ca2+. The SV40-induced up-regulation of c-myc and c-jun was blocked by the tyrosine kinase inhibitor, genistein, and by the protein kinase C (PKC) inhibitor, calphostin C, but not by expression of the MAP kinase-specific phosphatase, MKP-1. These results suggest that the SV40-induced signalling pathway includes the activities of a tyrosine kinase and a Ca(2+)-independent isoform of PKC, but not of Raf or MAP kinase. Finally, SV40 infectious entry into cells was specifically and reversibly blocked by genistein.},
	keywords = {Animals, Calcium, Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases, Cell Cycle Proteins, Cell Line, Cercopithecus aethiops, Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1, Enzyme Inhibitors, Gene Expression Regulation, Viral, Genistein, Humans, Immediate-Early Proteins, Isoflavones, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3, Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases, Naphthalenes, Phosphoprotein Phosphatases, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor, Protein Kinase C, Protein Phosphatase 1, Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases, Proto-Oncogene Proteins, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf, Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis, Signal Transduction, Simian virus 40, Up-Regulation},
	issn = {0022-1317},
	author = {Dangoria, N S and Breau, W C and Anderson, H A and Cishek, D M and Norkin, L C}
}
@article {706,
	title = {Multiple stages of virus-receptor interactions as shown by simian virus 40.},
	journal = {Adv Exp Med Biol},
	volume = {408},
	year = {1996},
	month = {1996},
	pages = {159-67},
	keywords = {Animals, Cell Membrane, Histocompatibility Antigens Class I, Humans, Receptors, Virus, Signal Transduction, Simian virus 40},
	issn = {0065-2598},
	author = {Norkin, L C and Anderson, H A}
}
