@article {540,
	title = {Evidence for involvement of an electron shuttle in electricity generation by Geothrix fermentans.},
	journal = {Appl Environ Microbiol},
	volume = {71},
	year = {2005},
	month = {2005 Apr},
	pages = {2186-9},
	abstract = {In experiments performed using graphite electrodes poised by a potentiostat (+200 mV versus Ag/AgCl) or in a microbial fuel cell (with oxygen as the electron acceptor), the Fe(III)-reducing organism Geothrix fermentans conserved energy to support growth by coupling the complete oxidation of acetate to reduction of a graphite electrode. Other organic compounds, such as lactate, malate, propionate, and succinate as well as components of peptone and yeast extract, were utilized for electricity production. However, electrical characteristics and the results of shuttling assays indicated that unlike previously described electrode-reducing microorganisms, G. fermentans produced a compound that promoted electrode reduction. This is the first report of complete oxidation of organic compounds linked to electrode reduction by an isolate outside of the Proteobacteria.},
	keywords = {Acetates, Bacteria, Bioelectric Energy Sources, Electricity, Electrodes, Electron Transport, Graphite, Microscopy, Electron, Scanning, Oxidation-Reduction},
	issn = {0099-2240},
	doi = {10.1128/AEM.71.4.2186-2189.2005},
	author = {Bond, Daniel R and Lovley, Derek R}
}
@article {580,
	title = {Harnessing microbially generated power on the seafloor.},
	journal = {Nat Biotechnol},
	volume = {20},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2002 Aug},
	pages = {821-5},
	abstract = {In many marine environments, a voltage gradient exists across the water sediment interface resulting from sedimentary microbial activity. Here we show that a fuel cell consisting of an anode embedded in marine sediment and a cathode in overlying seawater can use this voltage gradient to generate electrical power in situ. Fuel cells of this design generated sustained power in a boat basin carved into a salt marsh near Tuckerton, New Jersey, and in the Yaquina Bay Estuary near Newport, Oregon. Retrieval and analysis of the Tuckerton fuel cell indicates that power generation results from at least two anode reactions: oxidation of sediment sulfide (a by-product of microbial oxidation of sedimentary organic carbon) and oxidation of sedimentary organic carbon catalyzed by microorganisms colonizing the anode. These results demonstrate in real marine environments a new form of power generation that uses an immense, renewable energy reservoir (sedimentary organic carbon) and has near-immediate application.},
	keywords = {Bacteria, Bioelectric Energy Sources, Biotechnology, Carbon, Conservation of Energy Resources, DNA, Ribosomal, Electricity, Electrodes, Environmental Microbiology, Geologic Sediments, Molecular Sequence Data, New Jersey, Oceans and Seas, Oregon, Oxidation-Reduction, RNA, Bacterial, RNA, Ribosomal, 16S, Sulfides},
	issn = {1087-0156},
	doi = {10.1038/nbt716},
	author = {Tender, Leonard M and Reimers, Clare E and Stecher, Hilmar A and Holmes, Dawn E and Bond, Daniel R and Lowy, Daniel A and Pilobello, Kanoelani and Fertig, Stephanie J and Lovley, Derek R}
}
