@article {3086,
	title = {Transcriptomic profiles of Clostridium ljungdahlii during lithotrophic growth with syngas or H and CO compared to organotrophic growth with fructose.},
	journal = {Sci Rep},
	volume = {7},
	year = {2017},
	month = {2017 Oct 13},
	pages = {13135},
	abstract = {<p>Clostridium ljungdahlii derives energy by lithotrophic and organotrophic acetogenesis. C. ljungdahlii was grown organotrophically with fructose and also lithotrophically, either with syngas - a gas mixture containing hydrogen (H), carbon dioxide (CO), and carbon monoxide (CO), or with H and CO. Gene expression was compared quantitatively by microarrays using RNA extracted from all three conditions. Gene expression with fructose and with H/CO was compared by RNA-Seq. Upregulated genes with both syngas and H/CO (compared to fructose) point to the urea cycle, uptake and degradation of peptides and amino acids, response to sulfur starvation, potentially NADPH-producing pathways involving (S)-malate and ornithine, quorum sensing, sporulation, and cell wall remodeling, suggesting a global and multicellular response to lithotrophic conditions. With syngas, the upregulated (R)-lactate dehydrogenase gene represents a route of electron transfer from ferredoxin to NAD. With H/CO, flavodoxin and histidine biosynthesis genes were upregulated. Downregulated genes corresponded to an intracytoplasmic microcompartment for disposal of methylglyoxal, a toxic byproduct of glycolysis, as 1-propanol. Several cytoplasmic and membrane-associated redox-active protein genes were differentially regulated. The transcriptomic profiles of C. ljungdahlii in lithotrophic and organotrophic growth modes indicate large-scale physiological and metabolic differences, observations that may guide biofuel and commodity chemical production with this species.</p>},
	keywords = {Carbon Dioxide, Carbon Monoxide, Clostridium, Fructose, Hydrogen, NADP, Transcriptome},
	issn = {2045-2322},
	doi = {10.1038/s41598-017-12712-w},
	author = {Aklujkar, Muktak and Leang, Ching and Shrestha, Pravin M and Shrestha, Minita and Lovley, Derek R}
}
@article {418,
	title = {Tunable metallic-like conductivity in microbial nanowire networks.},
	journal = {Nat Nanotechnol},
	volume = {6},
	year = {2011},
	month = {2011 Sep},
	pages = {573-9},
	abstract = {Electronic nanostructures made from natural amino acids are attractive because of their relatively low cost, facile processing and absence of toxicity. However, most materials derived from natural amino acids are electronically insulating. Here, we report metallic-like conductivity in films of the bacterium Geobacter sulfurreducens and also in pilin nanofilaments (known as microbial nanowires) extracted from these bacteria. These materials have electronic conductivities of \~{}5~mS~cm(-1), which are comparable to those of synthetic metallic nanostructures. They can also conduct over distances on the centimetre scale, which is thousands of times the size of a bacterium. Moreover, the conductivity of the biofilm can be tuned by regulating gene expression, and also by varying the gate voltage in a transistor configuration. The conductivity of the nanofilaments has a temperature dependence similar to that of a disordered metal, and the conductivity could be increased by processing.},
	keywords = {Electric Conductivity, Geobacter, Nanowires, Transistors, Electronic},
	issn = {1748-3395},
	doi = {10.1038/nnano.2011.119},
	author = {Malvankar, Nikhil S and Vargas, Madeline and Nevin, Kelly P and Franks, Ashley E and Leang, Ching and Kim, Byoung-Chan and Inoue, Kengo and Mester, T{\"u}nde and Covalla, Sean F and Johnson, Jessica P and Rotello, Vincent M and Tuominen, Mark T and Lovley, Derek R}
}
@article {521,
	title = {Two putative c-type multiheme cytochromes required for the expression of OmcB, an outer membrane protein essential for optimal Fe(III) reduction in Geobacter sulfurreducens.},
	journal = {J Bacteriol},
	volume = {188},
	year = {2006},
	month = {2006 Apr},
	pages = {3138-42},
	abstract = {Deletion of two homologous Geobacter sulfurreducens c-type cytochrome genes, omcG and omcH, decreased the rate of Fe(III) reduction and decreased the level of an outer membrane cytochrome critical for Fe(III) reduction, OmcB, without affecting its transcription. Expression of either gene restored Fe(III) reduction and OmcB expression, suggesting functional similarity.},
	keywords = {Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins, Bacterial Proteins, Blotting, Northern, Blotting, Western, Cytochromes c, Ferric Compounds, Gene Deletion, Gene Expression, Genes, Bacterial, Geobacter, Oxidation-Reduction, RNA, Bacterial, RNA, Messenger},
	issn = {0021-9193},
	doi = {10.1128/JB.188.8.3138-3142.2006},
	author = {Kim, Byoung-Chan and Qian, Xinlei and Leang, Ching and Coppi, Maddalena V and Lovley, Derek R}
}
