@article {1559,
	title = {Identification of 4-Hydroxycumyl Alcohol As the Major MnO2-Mediated Bisphenol A Transformation Product and Evaluation of Its Environmental Fate.},
	journal = {Environ Sci Technol},
	volume = {49},
	year = {2015},
	month = {2015 May 19},
	pages = {6214-21},
	abstract = {<p>Bisphenol A (BPA), an environmental contaminant with weak estrogenic activity, resists microbial degradation under anoxic conditions but is susceptible to abiotic transformation by manganese dioxide (MnO2). BPA degradation followed pseudo-first-order kinetics with a rate constant of 0.96 ({\textpm}0.03) min(-1) in the presence of 2 mM MnO2 (0.017\% w/w) at pH 7.2. 4-hydroxycumyl alcohol (HCA) was the major transformation product, and, on a molar basis, up to 64\% of the initial amount of BPA was recovered as HCA. MnO2 was also reactive toward HCA, albeit at 5-fold lower rates, and CO2 evolution (i.e., mineralization) occurred. In microcosms established with freshwater sediment, HCA was rapidly biodegraded under oxic, but not anoxic conditions. With a measured octanol-water partition coefficient (Log K(ow)) of 0.76 and an aqueous solubility of 2.65 g L(-1), HCA is more mobile in saturated media than BPA (Log K(ow) = 2.76; aqueous solubility = 0.31 g L(-1)), and therefore more likely to encounter oxic zones and undergo aerobic biodegradation. These findings corroborate that BPA is not inert under anoxic conditions and suggest that MnO2-mediated coupled abiotic-biotic processes may be relevant for controlling the fate and longevity of BPA in sediments and aquifers.</p>},
	issn = {1520-5851},
	doi = {10.1021/acs.est.5b00372},
	author = {Im, Jeongdae and Prevatte, Carson W and Campagna, Shawn R and L{\"o}ffler, Frank E}
}
@article {1561,
	title = {4-methylphenol produced in freshwater sediment microcosms is not a bisphenol A metabolite.},
	journal = {Chemosphere},
	volume = {117},
	year = {2014},
	month = {2014 Dec},
	pages = {521-6},
	abstract = {<p>4-Methylphenol (4-MP), a putative bisphenol A (BPA) degradation intermediate, was detected at concentrations reaching 2.1 mg L(-1) in anoxic microcosms containing 10 mg L(-1) BPA and 5 g of freshwater sediment material collected from four geographically distinct locations and amended with nitrate, nitrite, ferric iron, or bicarbonate as electron acceptors. 4-MP accumulation was transient, and 4-MP degradation was observed under all redox conditions tested. 4-MP was not detected in microcosms not amended with BPA. Unexpectedly, incubations with (13)C-labeled BPA failed to produce (13)C-labeled 4-MP suggesting that 4-MP was not derived from BPA. The detection of 4-MP in live microcosms amended with lactate, but not containing BPA corroborated that BPA was not the source of 4-MP. These findings demonstrate that the transient formation of 4-MP as a possible BPA degradation intermediate must be interpreted cautiously, as microbial activity in streambed microcosms may generate 4-MP from sediment-associated organic material.</p>},
	keywords = {Anaerobiosis, Benzhydryl Compounds, Biodegradation, Environmental, Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid, Cresols, Environmental Monitoring, Fresh Water, Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry, Geologic Sediments, Phenols, Water Pollutants, Chemical},
	issn = {1879-1298},
	doi = {10.1016/j.chemosphere.2014.09.008},
	author = {Im, Jeongdae and Prevatte, Carson W and Lee, Hong Geun and Campagna, Shawn R and L{\"o}ffler, Frank E}
}
